INkqubo yokuvunwa kwamanzi emvula yeSola yokuCocwa kwamanzi
Ingcaciso yeMveliso
Ukuqokelelwa kwamanzi emvula kuphenjelelwa ngamaxesha onyaka, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iindlela eziphathekayo, iikhemikhali, kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango ukulungelelanisa nokusebenza okungapheliyo kwamaxesha onyaka.Ukwahlula imvula kunye nongcoliseko kubandakanya ukwalathisa amanzi emvula kwitanki yokugcina, emva koko kuqhutywe unyango oluphakathi kunye nolwekhemikhali.Uninzi olukhoyo lonikezelo lwamanzi kunye nobuchwepheshe bokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka bunokusetyenziswa ukucocwa kwamanzi emvula.Ngokuqhelekileyo, amanzi emvula anomgangatho olungileyo akhethwa ukuba aqokelelwe aze asetyenziswe ngokutsha.Inkqubo yokonyango kufuneka ibe lula, isebenzisa inhlanganisela yokucoca kunye ne-sedimentation.
Xa kukho imfuno ephezulu yomgangatho wamanzi, amanyathelo ahambelanayo onyango kufuneka afakwe.Lo mqathango usebenza ikakhulu kwiindawo apho abasebenzisi baneemfuno eziphezulu zomgangatho wamanzi, njengokuzaliswa kwakhona kwamanzi okupholisa kwiinkqubo zokupholisa umoya kunye nokunye ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso.Inkqubo yokucoca amanzi kufuneka isekelwe kwiimfuno zomgangatho wamanzi, kubandakanya unyango oluphezulu olufana ne-coagulation, i-sedimentation, kunye nokucoca okulandelwa yi-carbon activated okanye i-membrane filtration units.
Ngexesha lokuqokelelwa kwamanzi emvula, ngakumbi xa amanzi ahamba phezu komhlaba anentlenga eninzi, ukwahlula intlenga kunokunciphisa imfuneko yokugungxulwa kwetanki yokugcina.Ukwahlulwa kwentlenga kunokufezekiswa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezingaphandle kweshelufu okanye ngokwakha iitanki zokumisa ezifana neetanki zokuzinzisa eziphambili.
Xa amanzi amdaka avela kule nkqubo engahlangabezani neemfuno zomgangatho wamanzi kumhlaba wamanzi omhlaba, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kuqwalaselwe ukusebenzisa isakhono sokucocwa kwendalo kumhlaba wamanzi omhlaba kunye nokugcinwa komgangatho wamanzi kunye nezibonelelo zokucoca ukuhlambulula amanzi emvula axubeneyo emanzini. umzimba.Xa umzimba wamanzi womhlaba uneemfuno ezithile zomgangatho wamanzi, iindawo zokucoca ziyafuneka ngokubanzi.Ukuba ukubaleka kwamanzi kusetyenziselwa ukungena kumzimba wamanzi, amanzi emvula angalathwa ngengca okanye imisele yegrabile elunxwemeni lomlambo ukuze kuvumeleke ukucocwa kwangaphambili ngaphambi kokungena kumbindi wamanzi, ngaloo ndlela kupheliswe imfuneko yezibonelelo zokuqala zokukhupha amanzi emvula.Iindawo zamanzi ezime ngobume bomhlaba zizixhobo zokugcina amanzi emvula ezonga imali.Xa iimeko zivumela umthamo wokugcina amanzi emvula kumzimba wamanzi, amanzi emvula kufuneka agcinwe kumhlaba wamanzi omhlaba endaweni yokwakhiwa kwamatanki okugcina amanzi emvula ahlukeneyo.
Ukunyangwa kwentlenga kunokufezekiswa kusetyenziswa imingxuma yentlenga kunye namadama okuhlamba intlenge yendalo ngexesha lokugcinwa kwamanzi emvula.Xa usebenzisa ukuhluzwa ngokukhawuleza, ubukhulu bepore yesihluzo kufuneka bube kuluhlu lwe-100 ukuya kwi-500 ye-micrometers.Umgangatho wamanzi kolu hlobo losetyenziso uphezulu kunolo kunkcenkceshelo lwendawo eluhlaza, ngoko ke ukucolwa kwecoagulation kuyafuneka.Ukuhluzwa kwesanti kuyacetyiswa kuhluzo lwe-coagulation, kunye nobungakanani besuntswana le-d kunye nobukhulu bebhedi yokucoca i-H=800mm ukuya kwi-1000mm.I-polymeric aluminium chloride ikhethwa njenge-coagulant, kunye ne-dosing concentration ye-10mg/L.Ukuhluza kwenziwa ngesantya se-350m3/h.Kungenjalo, iikhatriji zokucoca iibhola zefiber zingakhethwa, kunye nokudibanisa amanzi kunye ne-air backwash method.
Xa kukho iimfuno eziphakamileyo zomgangatho wamanzi, imilinganiselo ehambelanayo yonyango oluphezulu kufuneka yongezwe, esebenza ikakhulu kwiindawo ezineemfuno eziphezulu zomgangatho wamanzi, ezifana namanzi okupholisa umoya, amanzi asekhaya, kunye namanye amanzi avela kwimizi-mveliso.Umgangatho wamanzi kufuneka uhlangabezane nemigangatho yesizwe efanelekileyo.Inkqubo yokucoca amanzi kufuneka ibandakanye unyango oluphezulu olusekelwe kwiimfuno zomgangatho wamanzi, ezifana ne-coagulation, i-sedimentation, i-filtration, kunye ne-post-treatment kunye ne-activated carbon filtration okanye i-membrane filtration.
Intlenga eveliswa ngexesha lokucocwa kwamanzi emvula ubukhulu becala ayizinto eziphilayo, kwaye unyango olulula lwanele.Xa ukubunjwa kwe-sediment kunzima, unyango kufuneka luqhutywe ngokwemigangatho efanelekileyo.
Amanzi emvula ahlala kwidama ixesha elide, ngokwesiqhelo malunga neentsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3, kwaye anesiphumo esihle sokususa intlenga.Uyilo lwedama kufuneka lusebenzise ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi walo wentlenga.Impompo yamanzi emvula kufuneka itsale ulwelo olucacileyo kwitanki yamanzi kangangoko.
Izixhobo zokuhluza ngokukhawuleza ezenziwe ngesanti yequartz, i-anthracite, iminerali enzima, kunye nezinye izinto zokucoca zizixhobo zokucoca ezisele zikhulile ngokwentelekiso kunye nobuchwepheshe bokwakha unyango lonikezelo lwamanzi kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ireferensi kunyango lwamanzi emvula.Xa usamkela izinto ezintsha zokucoca kunye neenkqubo zokucoca, iiparamitha zoyilo kufuneka zimiselwe ngokusekelwe kwidatha yovavanyo.Emva kokuna kwemvula, xa usebenzisa amanzi njengamanzi okupholisa asetyenzisiweyo, kufuneka kuqhutywe unyango oluphambili.Izixhobo zonyango eziphezulu zingasebenzisa iinkqubo ezifana ne-membrane filtration kunye ne-osmosis yokubuyisela.
Ngokusekelwe kumava, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iindlela zokuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi emvula, kwaye idosi yeklorin yokuphinda asetyenziswe amanzi emvula ingabhekisa kwidosi yeklorin yenkampani yokubonelela ngamanzi.Ngokwamava okusebenza avela phesheya, idosi yeklorini imalunga ne-2 mg/L ukuya kwi-4 mg/L, kwaye amanzi amdaka angahlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho wamanzi kumanzi ahlukeneyo asezidolophini.Xa unkcenkceshela iindawo eziluhlaza kunye neendlela ebusuku, ukuhluza akunakudingeka.
