Isixhobo samanzi acocekileyo esibuyisela i-osmosis sisetyenziswe kakhulu kwishishini lokutya kunye nesiselo ukuvelisa amanzi akumgangatho ophezulu wosetyenziso olwahlukileyo.Esi sixhobo senzelwe ukuhlambulula amanzi ngokususa ukungcola, iityuwa, kunye nezinye iiminerali ngokusebenzisa inwebu ekwaziyo ukungena ngaphakathi.Kweli nqaku, siza kuxoxa ngemvelaphi, umgaqo, iingenelo, iimpawu, amanyathelo, ukusetyenziswa, kunye neendlela ze-osmosis ecocekileyo yezixhobo zamanzi ezisetyenziswa kwishishini lokutya nesiselo.
Imvelaphi
Isixhobo samanzi esibuyisela umva i-osmosis sifumene ukuthandwa okukhulu kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, ngakumbi kushishino lokutya nesiselo.Isidingo samanzi akumgangatho ophezulu ekutyeni nasekulungiseni iziselo sibalulekile.Umgangatho wamanzi asetyenziswa ekulungiseni ukutya kunye nesiselo unefuthe elithe ngqo kumgangatho, incasa, kunye nobomi beshelufu bemveliso yokugqibela.Ke ngoko, izixhobo zamanzi acocekileyo ze-osmosis ziye zaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezityalo ezininzi ezilungisa ukutya neziselo.
Umgaqo kunye neengenelo
Umgaqo we-reverse osmosis wezixhobo zamanzi acocekileyo usekwe kwinto yokuba iimolekyuli zamanzi zinokudlula kwi-membrane ekwazi ukudlula, ngelixa ii-ion kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo zingenako.Inkqubo ye-osmosis ebuyela umva ibandakanya ukutyhala iimolekyuli zamanzi kwi-membrane ekwaziyo ukungena, esusa ubumdaka, iityuwa kunye nezinye iiminerali emanzini, kushiyeke amanzi acocekileyo kuphela.
Iingenelo ze-reverse osmosis izixhobo zamanzi acocekileyo zininzi.Okokuqala, ibonelela ngomthombo ongaguqukiyo nothembekileyo wamanzi akumgangatho ophezulu kusetyenziso olwahlukileyo.Okwesibini, iphelisa imfuno yeekhemikhali kunye nolunye unyango, olunokuba yingozi kwindalo.Okwesithathu, kunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza ngokunciphisa umthamo wamanzi asetyenziswa kwinkqubo.Okokugqibela, iphucula umgangatho jikelele kunye nencasa yemveliso yokugqibela ngokunciphisa ukungcola kunye neeminerali emanzini.
Iimpawu
Isixhobo samanzi esibuyisela umva i-osmosis ineempawu ezininzi ezenza ukuba ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kushishino lokutya nesiselo.Okokuqala, kulula ukuyifaka kunye nokusebenza, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo kwizityalo ezincinci kunye nezinkulu.Okwesibini, iqinile kwaye idinga ukulungiswa okuncinci, ukunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle.Okwesithathu, kuyabiza, kunye neendleko zokusebenza eziphantsi kunye nexesha elide lokuphila.Okokugqibela, iyaguquguquka kwaye ingalungiswa ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zomgangatho wamanzi.
Amanyathelo
Inkqubo ye-osmosis ebuyela umva ibandakanya amanyathelo aliqela, kubandakanywa unyango lwangaphambili, ukuhluzwa kwe-membrane, unyango lwasemva konyango, kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane.Unyango lwangaphambili lubandakanya ukususa amaqhekeza amakhulu, izinto eziqinileyo, kunye nezinto eziphilayo emanzini.Ukuhluzwa kweMembrane kuphelisa ukungcola, iityuwa, kunye nezinye iiminerali ngokutyhala iimolekyuli zamanzi kwi-membrane ene-semi-permeable.Unyango lwasemva konyango lubandakanya ukongeza iiminerali kunye nezinye iinxalenye emanzini ukuze kuphunyezwe umgangatho ofunekayo wamanzi.Ukubulala iintsholongwane kubandakanya ukongeza iikhemikhali zokubulala nayiphi na ibhaktheriya eseleyo kunye neentsholongwane emanzini.
Isicelo
Isixhobo samanzi acocekileyo se-osmosis sisetyenziswa kwishishini lokutya kunye nesiselo ukuvelisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamanzi, kubandakanya amanzi acocekileyo, amanzi adityanisiweyo, amanzi anezimbiwa, amanzi endalo kunye namanzi amaminerali.Amanzi acocekileyo asetyenziswa ekutyeni nasekulungiseni isiselo, ngelixa amanzi adiyiliweyo esetyenziswa kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nokubilisa kunye nokudila.Amanzi anezimbiwa asetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwamanzi asebhotileni, ngelixa amanzi endalo esetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwebhiya kunye nezinye iziselo.Amanzi anezimbiwa asetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwamanzi asebhotileni akumgangatho ophezulu.
Iintsingiselo
Ishishini lokutya kunye nesiselo lihlala liguquka, kwaye imfuno yamanzi akumgangatho ophezulu iyanda.Isixhobo samanzi esibuyela umva i-osmosis sisiya siphucuka ngakumbi, kunye nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kunye ne-automation.Kukwakho nentsingiselo ekhokelela kwiinkqubo ezizinzileyo nezilungele ukusingqongileyo, kugxilwe ekunciphiseni inkunkuma nokusebenzisa imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo.Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zamanzi acocekileyo e-osmosis kulindeleke ukuba kukhule kwiminyaka ezayo, njengoko uninzi lwezityalo zokulungisa zijonge izisombululo ezithembekileyo nezisebenzayo zokucocwa kwamanzi.
Ukuququmbela
Ukubuyisela umva i-osmosis izixhobo zamanzi acocekileyo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo kushishino lokutya nesiselo.Inika umthombo othembekileyo, ongaguquguqukiyo wamanzi akumgangatho ophezulu wezicelo ezahlukeneyo.Ngeengenelo zayo ezininzi, iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo, kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo kushishino lokutya nesiselo kwiminyaka ezayo.